Motorola M68000 Betriebsanweisung Seite 45
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Assembler 5ource Format 31
★PROGRAM TO ECHO A LINE
TEXT
S T A R T : LEA
BUFFER,AO
INITIALIZE BUFFER POINTER
LOOP:
JSR GETC
GET A CHARACTER
M O V E .B
DO,(AO )+
SAVE CHARACTER IN BUFFER
CMPI.B
#CR,D0
END OF LINE?
BNE
LOOP
NEXT CHARACTER
LEA
BUFFER,AO
RESET BUFFER POINTER
JSR
NEWLINE
GO TO A NEW LINE
L O OP 2:
M O V E •B (AO) + ,D0
GET A CHARACTER
JSR
PUTC
OUTPUT TO SCREEN
CMPI.B #CR,D0
END OF LINE?
BNE LOOP 2
GET NEXT CHARACTER
JSR
NEWLINE
GO TO NEW LINE
FINIs M O V E .W #0,-(SP)
RETURN TO SYSTEM
*
TRAP
#1
n
P U T C : M O V E M .L D0-D7/A0-
A 6 , -
(SP) SAVE REGISTERS
ANDI.L
# $FF,D0
MAKE SURE WE HAVE ONLY A
M O V E .W D O , - (SP)
OUTPUT TO OP. SYS.
M O V E .W
# 2 , - (SP)
n
TRAP #1
n
ADDQ.L
#4 ,SP
CLEAN UP STACK
M O V E M .L
(SP)+ ,D0-
D7/A0-A6 RESTORE REGISTERS
*
RTS RETURN
GETC:
MOVEM.L
D1-D7/A0-
A 6 , -
(SP) SAVE REGISTERS
M O V E .W #1,-(SP)
GET A CHAR. FROM OP. SYS.
TRAP
#1
n
ANDI.L
# $7F,D0 MASK TO 7 BITS
ADDQ.L
#2 ,SP CLEAN UP STACK
MOVEM.L (SP)+ ,D1- D7/A0-A6 RESTORE REGISTERS
je
RTS RETURN
CR: EQU
$0D CARRIAGE RETURN
LF:
*
EQU $0A LINE FEED
NEWLINE
:M O V E .L
D O , - (SP)
SAVE DO
M O V E .B
ICR,DO OUTPUT A CR
JSR
PUTC
n
M O V E .B
#LF,D0 OUTPUT A LF
JSR
PUTC
n
M O V E .L (SP)+ ,D0 RESTORE DO
*
RTS RETURN
*
DATA
BUFFER:
DS.B
100
100 CHARACTER BUFFER
END
Figure 6 Sample program.
- ^UcMttaL P. SizUuijeS i 1
- A55EMBLY LANGUAGE 3
- PROGRAMMING TOR 3
- THE 68000 FAMILY 3
- ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE 5
- PROGRAMMING FOR 5
- TNE 68000 FAMILY 5
- To my wife Linda 7
- CONTENTS 11
- CHAPTER 8: Subroutines 99 12
- Contents xl 13
- INTRODUCTION 15
- Introduction 3 17
- NUMBER SYSTEMS 19
- Conversions 20
- Number Systems 7 21
- Hexadecimal 22
- 2. We can go from binary 23
- 2 is F0Ai6 23
- 2 gives us: 23
- Representing Negative Values 25
- ASCII Character Codes 26
- 21. binary 29
- CHAPTER 2 31
- ADDRESS MEMORY 35
- User and Supervisor Modes 37
- The CPU Registers 38
- User Programmer's Model 39
- Input/Output 40
- ASSEMBLER SOURCE FORMAT 43
- The Label Field 44
- The Operation Field 46
- The Operand Field 46
- The Comment Field 47
- On Choosing Symbols 48
- Constants 48
- $1100111001 11001110012 49
- Data-Defining Directives 50
- Symbol Equates 51
- The END Directive 52
- Assembler Source Format 39 53
- CHAPTER 4 55
- Data Movement 55
- Getting Started 43 57
- Addition and Subtraction 58
- Getting 5tarted 45 59
- Input and Output 61
- The Program Shell 63
- Getting Started 51 65
- Putting It All Together 67
- Getting 5tarted 55 69
- #'0',DO 70
- 19. SUB.L D1,D0 70
- CHAPTER 5 71
- CONDITION CODE REGISTER 72
- The Carry Bit 72
- 11101001 73
- + 10110111 73
- 110100000 73
- The Overflow Bit 75
- The Zero and negative Bits 75
- The Extend Bit 76
- Com parisons 76
- CHP.L DirDO 78
- BLE LABEL 78
- ADDQ and SUBQ Instructions 80
- MOVEQ #100,DO 81
- MOVE.L #100,DO 81
- BGE LABEL 84
- ADDRESSING MODES 85
- Register Direct Modes 86
- Im mediate Data 86
- Absolute Addressing 87
- Address Register Indirect 88
- Addressing Modes 75 89
- Addressing Modes 77 91
- Addressing Modes 79 93
- Addressing Modes 81 95
- Addressing Modes 83 97
- Addressing Mode Summary 98
- Addressing Modes 87 101
- CHAPTER 7 103
- Stack Instructions 103
- HIGH ADDRESS 104
- LOU ADDRESS 104
- The 5tach 91 105
- LOW ADDRESS 106
- Stack Applications 107
- The Stack 95 109
- Exercises 110
- PEA COUNT 111
- CHAPTER 8 113
- Subroutines 101 115
- Passing Param eters 116
- Subroutines 103 117
- ARG2: DS.L 118
- Subroutines 105 119
- Subroutines 107 121
- ADDA. L # 1 2 ,SP 122
- Stack Fram es 123
- ID BYTES OF LOCALS 124
- Subroutines 111 125
- Subroutines 113 127
- Subroutines 115 129
- CHAPTER 9 131
- * Q 139
- CHAPTER 10 143
- Logical Operations 144
- 01000100 145
- LSL'ASL 147
- Bit Manipulation 151
- BTSTr BSET, BCLR, BCBG 152
- Operand 1 153
- Operand 2 153
- CHAPTER 11 155
- Advanced Arithmetic 143 157
- Multiplication and Division 159
- 11100001 160
- Advanced Arithmetic 147 161
- Decimal Arithmetic 162
- Advanced Arithmetic 149 163
- Advanced Arithmetic 151 165
- 10000 0000 165
- Advanced Arithmetic 153 167
- EXCEPTION PROCESSING 169
- SYSTEM CONTROL 169
- OPERATIONS, AND I/O 169
- OVFLs DS.B 1 171
- OVERFLOW FLAG BYTE 171
- Exception Processing 172
- TRAP #<vector> 175
- ADD.L DO fDl 176
- CHK <ea>,Dn 176
- Serial I/O 177
- I I I I I I I I I I 178
- Miscellaneous Instructions 182
- 8. l e a u s t a c k ,a o 185
- C m P T f fl 15 187
- MOVE.L (AO)+,MEMLOC 188
- Virtual Machines 189
- Virtual Address Space 190
- Physical Memory 190
- Reference Classifications 191
- The Vector Base Register 192
- RTD and Loop Mode 193
- Summ ary 195
- 9. MOVE CCR,DO 196
- PC0, FC1, and FC2 196
- The 68010 183 197
- CHAPTER 1 4 199
- Instruction Caching 200
- The 68020 187 201
- Additional Addressing Modes 202
- The 68020 189 203
- MOVE.W #24,DO 203
- MOVE.L (0,A0,D0.W*4),D1 203
- Instruction Extensions 204
- The 68020 191 205
- Hew Instructions 207
- The 68020 195 209
- CAS Dc,Du,<ea> 210
- The 68020 197 211
- The 68020 201 215
- CHAPTER 15 217
- Instruction and Data C aches 218
- The 68030 205 219
- Pipelined Architecture 220
- Paged Memory Management 220
- requires 10 bits, leaving 221
- The 68030 209 223
- B-level tables 224
- "1 TT1 225
- 68030 Instructions 225
- The 68030 213 227
- ASCII CHARACTER CODES 229
- PROGRAM SHELLS AND 231
- I/O SUBROUTINES 231
- ! tSt.l dO 232
- Appendix B 219 233
- Appendix B 221 235
- ;plain style 236
- Appendix B 225 237
- ; return; 238
- Appendix B 227 241
- 68000-68020 243
- 0 S 0 S 244
- 0 S S 0 0 Test Operand 246
- 00000 Unlink 246
- 00000 UnPack BCD 246
- Appendix C 233 247
- 236 Index 250
- Index 237 251
- 238 Index 252
- Index 239 253
- ^ U a m a i P 256
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