
x Contents
CHAPTER 4: Getting Started 41
Data Movement 41
Addition and Subtraction 44
Input and Output 47
The Program Shell 49
Looping 50
Putting It All Together 53
Exercises 54
Answers 55
CHAPTER 5: Conditional and Arithmetic Instructions 57
Arithmetic and the Condition Code Register 57
The Carry Bit 58
The Overflow Bit 61
The Zero and Negative Bits 61
The Extend Bit 62
Comparisons 62
ADDQ and SUBQ Instructions 66
Exercises 68
Answers 69
CHAPTER 6: Addressing Modes 71
Register Direct Modes 72
Immediate Data 72
Absolute Addressing 73
Address Register Indirect 74
Address Register Indirect With Postincrement 77
Address Register Indirect With Predecrement 79
Address Register Indirect With Displacement 80
Address Register Indirect with Index 82
Program Counter Relative Modes 83
Addressing Mode Summary 84
Exercises 85
Answers 86
C h a p t er 7: The Stack 89
Stack Instructions 89
Stack Applications 93
Exercises 96
Answers 96
CHAPTER 8: Subroutines 99
JSR, BSR, and RTS Instructions 99
Passing Parameters 102
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